Photographic shutter.



PATBNTED MAY?, l1907.

R. KLEIN. PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER.

APPLIUATION FILED DBO.24. 1904.

SHEETS-SHEET 1. v

- Invento'n (MM VLQMLN Xl?- Attorney Witnesses.

110.852.962. PATBNTED MAY 7, 1907.

: R. KLEIN.

PHUTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER.

AYPLIOTION FILED DBO. 24, 1904.

K 110.852,962. PATENTBD MAY 7, 1907.

R. KLEIN.

- PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTBP.. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 110.24, 1904.

SSSSSSSSSSSS 3.

\' Mmm E gw Ww ggg Mi I Il L l (juill l, "a ul l l ,4MM I; )E Y 7 l a UNITED srAfrE-s PATE Nr oEEioE RUDOLPH KLEIN, OF ROCHESTER, NEWv YORK, ASSIONOR TO BAUSOH & LOMB OPTICAL OOMPAN Y, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PHOTOGBAPHIC SHUTTERI,

Speeication of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 24,

'atentec. Ivlay '7, 1907.

1904:. Serial No. 238,196.

T0 all "LU/wht zit pta/y concern: I

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH KLEiN, of t Rochester, in the county el' Monroe and t State of New York, have invented certain .new l and useful Improvements in Photographic Shutters; and I do hereby declare the tollowl ing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the acl companying drawings, forming a part ol this specification, and to the reference numerals marked thereon.

My present invention relates to photographic shutters particularly that kind known as automatic shutters in which by the operation of a single part in one direction the actuating device may be placed under tension and released to cause an exposure to be made, and the kind of exposure, that is. whether' time, bulb or instantaneous, may be previouslyT determined and the various operations necessary to cause these exposures may be controlled by the movement ot the partactuated by the operator.

The invention has for its object to simpli'll)r the construction and operation ol: shutters of this class whereby the various parts may all be made from simple stampings ot sheet metal and may be readily assembled.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a Vfront elevation of a shutter constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same on the line @,a ot Fig. l. Fig. 3 is an elevation ol the parts with the front cover removed showing the setting` ring or plate. Fig. t is a vertical sectional view on the line b-b of Fig. 2 looking toward. the front of the shutter and showing the shutter wings or blades. Fig. 5 a view of the operating parts ot the shutter with the Ytrent plate removed showing their' position when set for automatic time exposure ot greatest duration, the shutter being closed. Fig. 6, a similar view showing the latch on the master member engaged with the retarding` device and before the shutter is opened. F 7 a similar view slmwing the shutter open and about to close. Fig. S a similar view showing the position ot the parts during the .making oli a time exposure, with the shutter closed and before being relea-red from the operating member. Fig. t) a sin'iilar view showing the shutter open and the master member retained by one et the time stops i during the making of a time exposure. Fig.

9 a view of the parts when the operating 55 member l() is held by the catch 36 alone. Fig. l() a similar' view showing the position of the parts betere the completion of a bulb exposure.

Similar reference numerals indicate simi- 6o lar parts in the several ligures.

The main casing ol! the shutter embodies a back plate l having the central threaded tube Vtor application to thc camera casing or support and. recessed tor the application of the ordinary iris diaphragm, the outer edge of this plate being provided with an annular ilange 3, to the liront ot which is applied the plate 4 having the threaded tube or ring 5 to which the liront lens is adapted. to be secured. 70 2 indicates an annular plate or septum having a central aperture and secured within the easing upon which the operating plates of the shutter are mounted.

(j indicates the shutter wings or blades` piv- 7 5 oted 'at 7 to the plate 2 having the central (')verlapping portions and the extensions S on the ends. These blades or plates are arranged to overlap as shown in Fig. i and near their pivotal points are provided with slots 8o S1 in which operates a pin E) secured to an oscillatory lever I() and projecting through a slot in the plate 2. The lever l0 is pivoted at Il and is operated by a spring l2 toward the central aperture, the relation oli the, pin 9 85 and the slots in the shutter blades being such that when the lever is in its lowernmst position the shutter blades will overlap, closing the aperture, as shown in Figs. l and 5. The outer edge olt the lever l() is rurved or beveled 9o at 13 and is also provided at its upper side with a si op or projection Ill.

l5 indicates a master member orlever pivoted at 1G on the, plate 2 and normall)v held in the posiiion shown in lfig. 5 by the operat- 95 ing spring .I7 extending around the pivot and engaging a projection on the said member. The upper end IS ot the member l5 is beveled at the lowel portion ot' its under side, so that when moved downwardly the beveled porroo tions 1S and l?) wih engage and the members l5 and l() will slidi` past each other, the end ot the master membe yielding laterally or in a plane parallel with its pivot lor this purpose, but when the master member moved in the op posite direction the outer side olZ the portion 1S will engage with and lift the lever j as shown in Fig. 7 operating said lever and l throwing the shuttter blades open until it passes orf the end of the lever, permitting the return of the latter and the closing of the shutter by the action of the spring 12.

It should be stated that the spring 17 is stronger than the spring 12 so that it may operate the shutter members in opposition to the force of the latter. The lower end of the master member 15 is beveled or inclined at its outer side at 19 and opposite said beveled portion is provided with a shoulder adapted to be engaged by the end of a lever 21 pivoted at 22 and normally held in the position i shown in Fig. 5 by means of a spring 23. The rear side of the end 2O is beveled or inclined in the same direction as the portion 19 of the master member and the lever itself is adapted to yield laterally of the plane of its pivotal movement the construction being such that when the lower end of the lever 21 is moved downwardly it will carry with it the master member turning the latter on its pivot until the end passes o'fl of said member by reason of the different pivotal centers (see Fig. 8) allowing the master member to return to normal position7 and when the lever 21 is returned to the position shown in Fig. 5 the end will slide over the end of the master member, this construction forming a latch connection which causes the operation and release of the master member when moving in one direction and the independent movement of the parts in the opposite direction.

25 indicates a stop or catch pivoted at 26 operated by a spring 251 and having the extended end adapted to be engaged by a pin 27 on the lever 21, the other end of said catch 25 being bent around and constituting a catch or stop adapted to cooperate at times with the lug or projection 2S on the lower portion of the master member. This catch 25 is also provided with a pin 29 by which it may be adjusted as will be described.

The upper end of the lever 21 is provided with a pin or projection 30 adapted to be engaged by an arm 31 of an operating member or lever 32 pivoted at 33 and having a handle or operating portion 34 projecting to the exterior of the casing.

36 indicates a stop or catch pivoted at 37 having a hooked lower end 3S, an upwardly extending lug or shoulder 39 and an outwardly projecting pin 40, said lever being operated upon by a spring 41 tending to throw the hooked end outwardly into position to be engaged by the pin 30 on the lever 21. The projection 39 is arranged vto cooperate with the projection 14 on the lever 10 and the projection is adapted to be operated upon and controlled by a suitable controlling plate or member which controls the position of the projection 39 relative to the projection 14 on the lever 10.

The parts described, in connection with a suitable controlling member are adapted for making time, instantaneous and bulb exposures but for automatically timed exposures a retarding device is required which is connected to the operating parts, preferably the master member by a latch connection permitting the free movement of the shutter in one direction without operating the said device but controlling it in the opposite direction as will be described.

Mounted upon the master member above its pivot is a pawl pivoted at 51 and normally held against a' stop 52 by a spring 53, said pawl being arranged to co'iperate with a stud or pin 54 mounted on a lever 55 constituting a portion of the retarding device or brake which controls the operation at certain times, of the master member and regulates the length of time the shutter blades are open. This lever is pivoted at 56 upon the front plate 4 and is normally moved in a downwardly direction by a spring 57, the outer free end of the lever being pivotally connected with a piston 53 operated in a cylinder 59. Also mounted upon the front plate is a lever pivoted at 61 and having an operating pin or projection (32 extending into the casing and between the inwardly projecting end of the lever 32 and the outer side of the lever or catch 3G as shown in Figsf1 and 5, ci Seg. T he outer end of this lever is pivotally connected to the piston operating in a cylinder 66 and constituting a pneumatic engine of the usual or any preferred description actuated by air pressure Vfrom a suitable bulb.

70 indicates a controlling ring or member having an inwardly turned vflange rotating in a recessed portion of the septum or plate 2 and having its outer portion or tlange in contact with the rear side of the front plate 4v around the aperture, serving to j )rotcct the interior parts from dust and dirt. The outer periphery of this controlling member or plate 70 is formed with a gradually tapering cam edge 72 terminating at the one end in a shoulder 73 and at the opposite side of the center is provided with a concentric edge or surface 74. The plate 7() is further 'providedv with a pointer or index 75 extending through a slot in the casing and adaptedr to cooperate with a scale on the plate 76 and embodying the letters T, B and. the fractional. time indications, ico, 5, andv the figure 1 the letters indicating time and bulb exposures, the numerals indicating exposures of parts of a second and the vligure 1 indicating an exposure of one second and if desired other ligures could be employed indicating longer exposures.

1n order to set the shutter for making a time exposure the index on the setting plate is moved over the letter T which removes the surfaces 72 and 74 from engagement with IOO seaees operator moves the outer end ol lever S2 devifn, either by the handle or the engine i turning the lever 21 and the master member 15 to the position shown in Fig. 8, putting the spring 17 under tension and causing the operating end 1S of the member to pass by and beneath the end of tlie lever 10, and as soon as the end 2() ot the lever 21 becomes disengaged from the master member7 the latter will be returned by its spring, throwing the shutter open until the projee 'ion 2S is engaged by the catch 25, then, upon releasing the pressure on the lever 32, the spring 23 will move the lever 21 upward far enough to cause the pin 27 to engage the catch 25 and release it lrom the master lever. dien the shutter lever 10 was raised by the master member and ust before being released therefrom as shown in Fig. 9, the end 3Q et the catch 36 passed beneath the proj ection 14 on the lever 10 and prevented the return of the latter', so that the shutter is held open. by the catch 36, (see Fig. SPL-the lever 21 being retained by the hooked end 3S ol the eath 36. After th shutter has remained open the desired length el time, a second operation of the lever 32 will turn the catch 36 and nieve the projection 39 l'rom beneath the lug 14;, allowing the shutter to be closed by its operating spring 12.

Then it is desired to make a bulb exposure7 it is only necessary to move the setting member or plate 70 far enough to cause the cani .73 to engage the pin 40 and hold the catch 36 out of cooperative relation with the shuttei` lever 10, in which position7 when the shutter is thrown open by the master meniber the latter will be engaged by the catch 25 and held until the lever 21 is permitted to return, when the pin 27 thereon. engaging the tail of the catch 25 will release the master member allowing it to move out of engagement with the shutter lever 10 and permitting the spring to close the shutter, the length ol the exposure being determined by the time pressure is maintained on the lever 32.

lhen it is desired to make an insti'intai'ieous exposure of brief duration the plate i7() is moved one step farther, so that the index will cooperate witl1100 on the s ale This will bring the portion 74 of the controlling plate into engagement with the pm 2) on the catch 25 holding this out olE the path ol j movement of the master member, so that by the movement of the lever 32 and througi'i i it the lever 21, the master member will be i operated and released and during its movement caused by its spring, will open and permit the closing of the shutter blades, no action by the catch 3G being necessary as its projection 3) is at the lel't ol the projection l 14 on the lever 10. l then it is desired to make an automaticl all.v timed exposure, say Vlior one second, the plate 7'() is moved so that the index coperj ates with the numeral 1 on the scale, at j which time both the catches 36 and 25 are out oli the paths olE movement of the parts liwith which they co'iperate and the pin 541; j connected with the pneumatic retarding del vice is permitted to move Vlar enough inward j or toward the center so that w ien the inasj ter member is moved in the direction to engage the shutter lever 10, the pawl 5() en- 1 gaging the projection 54 willyield and pass beyond said pin to the position shown in Fig. (i, and then upon tlie release ol.2 the master member, the end of the pawl engaging tli pin 5-/1 will move tlie lever 55 outward against the tension olt the spring 57 and against the pressure o1 the atmosphere exerted on lthe piston 5S until, by reason ol the divergiiig arcs, through which the end ot the pawl and the pin 54. move, it becomes disengaged from the latter and the master member releasing the shutter lever allows the shutter to close. The distance that the pawl 5() on the master member travels before engaging the pin 5-11; is determined by the adjustment of the lani 72 on the setting plate .70 which regulates the position of said pin, and the length ol time that the shutter remains open7 d epeiids upon the distance that the lever of the retarding device moves after the engagement ot the pawl therewith. The parts of the shutter thus described are ber and lever 21 being made olV spring inatterial it is only necessary to bevel the ends to forni the laterally yielding hitch connections between these parts and also between the master member and the shutter lever 10.

ln this shutter it will be noted that th. shutter operating lever is controlled independently oli the master member or part 15, a'lter the shutter is opened, and that for instantaneinis and automatically timedA expol sures neither olE the retaining stops 36 nor 25 is operated, as they are held in inoperative position by the controlling ring vWt'liile tlie light excluding medium shown herein in the lorin ol' vilie Vblades or wings it will be understood that tlwis is but one iorni ,l and it is inni'iai'erial whether or vnot two j blades are employed and therel'ore the terms ,l blade and blades in the claims is int-ended to i relier to equivalent devices as the particular l construction ol' tlese parts is not essei'itial io l i very simple and cheap and the master ineinl the operation ol the novel features.

The tei-iii latch eonni-iclion lierein is used l to mean a ci'iiineetion which will permit tbe l yielding ol the parts in one direction without 'lIO causing any functional movement and in the other direction to cause a movement to accomplish the function el the part.

l claim as my invention:

l. ln a photographic shutter, the combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member, and a catch. cooperating therewith, ol'l a :master member having a latch. connection with the blade operating member, and means for operating and releasing the master member.

The combination with the spring actuated blade operating member and a catch cooperating therewith ot a master member having a latch connection with the blade operating member, means Vlier operating and releasing the master member and a catch 'tor the master member controlled by the operating means.

3. The combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member, and a catch cooperating tl'ierewith, to hold the blades open, et a master member having a latch connection with the operating member and means for operating the master'i'nember and controlling the catch..

4. The combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member and a catch cooperating therewith, ot a master member having latch connection with the blade operating member, a catch coi'iperating therewith and operating means for actuating the master member in one direction and cooperating with the two catches to control them.

The combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member, and a catch cooperating therewith, of a master member having a latch connection with the operating member, a catch cooperating with the master member, and a member having a latch connection with the master member and cooperating with the two catches to actuate them.

6. The combination with the blades, the

spring actuated blade operating member and i a catch cooperating therewith, ot a master member having a latch connection with the operating member, a catch cooperating with the master member, a member having a latch connection with the master member and cooperating with the two catches to actuate them and means for adjusting the two catches relativel)T to said. member.

7. The combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member and the spring operated catch cooperating therewith to hold. the blades open, et devices lor actuating and releasing the blade operating member, a catch for controlling said devices and holding the operating member with the shutter open, means lior operating said catches and means Vfor adjusting either or both ol" said catches out of cooperative relation with the parts controlled by them.

8. The combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member, and the spring operated catch cooperating therewith, ol means for moving and releasing the blade operating member and an operating device therelor cooperating with the before mentioned catch to control its position.

9. The combination with the blades, the spring actuated blade operating member having the projection and the spring operated catch cooperating therewith to hold the blades open, of an operating member controlling the before mentioned catch and mechanism actuated by said member l'or actuating and releasing the blade operating member and an adjustable catch for said mechanism controlled. by the operating member.

l0. The coinl.)ination with the blades, the spring operated blade operating member, and the catch cooperating therewith, of the spring operated master member having a latch connection with the blade operating meml'ier, the catch lfor engaging the master member and an intermediate member having a latch connection with the master member and controlling the two catches to permit their alternate engagement with their cooperating parts.

11. The combination with the blades and the spring operated blade operating member having the projection ll; of the catch 3o having the projections 3) and Ll0 and an adjustable stop cooperating with the projection 110.

12. The coml 'nation with the blades, thc spring operated blade operating member and the catch 3o controlling it, o'l' the master member having a latch connection with the blade operating member, the catchv 2.5 cooperating with the master member and means vfor controlling the catch, the spring operated intermediate member 2], cooperating withv the catches 3o and 25 and having a latch connection with the master member.

i3. The combination with the blade and the spring operated blade operating member having the beveled end, of the master member lo, having the beveled end, cooperating with that of the blade operating member, the projection and the beveled end 19, the catch 25 and the spring operated member 21 having the beveled end 2O and the projection 27 cooperating with the catch 25.

lil. The combination with the blade, the spring operated blade operating member l0, having the projection 14 and the catch 3o having the projection 3) and the hook 38, ol the pivcted master member l5, having the projecticn 28,. the intermediate member 2l having the projections 3() and 2T, the spring operated cate h 25 l'or engaging the projection 28 on the master member and engaged by the projection 27 on the iiitermediate member and the actuating member 32 engaging the projection 30 on the intermediate member IOO IOS

IlO

and latch connections between one end of the master member and the operating` member and between the other end or' the master member and the intermediate member 21,

l5.- The combination with the shutter blade the piveted spring operated master member controlling it and the pawl pivoted on the master member, of a movable retarding` device having a projection cooperating with said paWl and movable thereby and means Jfor adjusting said projection relative to the path of movement of the paWl to vary the point in the movement of the latter when it shall become engaged With and operate the retarding device.

16. The combination With the shutter blade, the pivoted master member for operating it, and the paWl carried thereby, of a pneumatic retarding device embodying;` a pivo ted lever havinga projection with Which the paWl coperates and means `lier adjusting the projection into and out or' the path oiVl movement ol the paWl to vary the point in its movement at which the paWl engages With the lever projection.

17. The combination with the shutter blade, and a pivoted master member `for operating it, and the pawl pivoted on the member, o'l a pneumatic retarding device elnbodying a pivoted lever having a projection thereon arranged in the pa th ol movement of the pan'l and means lor adjusting the lever to carry the projection into and out of the path of the pawl.

1S. The combination with the shutter blade and the blade operating member, the catch controlling; it, the master member having' a paWl thereon, a latch connection between said master member and the operating member and the catch controlling the master member, ol" a pneumatic retarding device embodyingl a movable member having a projection thereon with which the pawl on the master member cooperates and a setting device cooperating with the catches and with the projection on the movable member to vary the relations between these parts 'for causingI di'l'l'erent exposures.

RUDOLPH KLEIN, l/Vitnesses Gi VILLARD Rien, WALTER B. PAYNE. 

